Gas-fired boiler



Aug. 14, 1928. 1,681,045

A. A. MARKS GAS FIRED BOILER Filed Jan. 7. 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Aug. 14, 1928. 1,681,045

A. A. MARKS GAS'FIRED BOILER File d Jan 7. 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Aug. 14, 1928. 1,681,045

A. A. MARKS GAS FIRED BOILER Filed Jan. '7. 3.922 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Aug. 14, 1928. 1,681,045

A. A. MARKS GAS FIRED 561mm Filed Jan. 7. 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Au 14, 1928;

UNITED STATES PATENT oat-icenaxmnu a. mics, or rinmnmma, rnmimva tu.

"eas-rman 1301mm.

Application filed l 'anuary 7, ma' 587,781.

This invention relates to boilers or heaters fired by gas or like medium, it being the object of the invention to providea boiler of this type comprising certain novel and improved features of construction hereinafter fully described and illustrated in the attached drawings, in which:

Figures 1 and 2 are, respectively, side and end elevations of a boiler made in accordance with my invention;

Figs. 3 and 4 are, 'res tively, transverse and longitudinal vertica sections on the lines 3--3 and 4+4, Figs. 1 and 2, respectively;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on the line- 5-5, Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is an end elevation of a boiler illustra'ting a modification within the scope of the invention;

Fig. 7 is a side elevation partially in section illustrating the details-of the modification;

Fig. 8 is 8-8, Fig. 7;

Figs. 9 and 10 are, respectively, transverse and longitudinal vertical sections through a boiler made in accordance with m invention and illustrat' a further in cation of the invention, an

Fig. 11 is a horizontal section on the line 11--11, Fig. 10.

With referenceto the drawings, the boiler consists inits preferred form of-a plurality of independent hollow sections 1 placed side by side after the fashion of the well known steam or hot water radiator, said sections having transverse o 2 and 3 at bottom and top respectively, which openings coincide in the assembled structure to form a continuous channel connecting the interiors of all the sections. Nipples 4 are established in the adjacent openings and overlie the joints between the sections in the usual fash- 1011 at both top and bottom. In the present 4 instan each of the end sections 1' of the series 0 sections 1 is supported upon legs 5, the intermediate sections being supported by tie rods 5 which extend between the end sections and by the said nipples.

Each of the sections 1 has near thebottom a transverse opening 6, which opening over- ,lies the said transverse apertures 2, as best shown in Fig. 3, and within the transverse assage or chamber thusformed is. established a gas or other burner 7 of*any suitable type, which burner is connected with a suitable source of fuel supply (not shown),

- series of elonga a horizontal section on the line .the said. gases to the top and being provided with a valve 8 of the usual form whereby the flow of gas thereto may be controlled. Preferably the saidchamber isclosed at itsends by walls 6, 6"

as shown in Fig, 4. With this arrangement,

Thesections 1 are also provided with a ted transverse openings 9 and10, best shown in Figs. 3 and 4, whereby when the boiler is used for making steam a proper circulation of the water in the'sec: tions is assured. These openings divide the sections at certain or a naturalcirculation of the heated fluid.- up through the interior tubes and down .through the exterior tubes of the sections 1,

and eliminates thereby priming of the steam generated. The said branches are preferably interconnected at one or more points below the steam chamber so as to allow proper circulation when the water level in the boiler falls below a predetermined elevation. 'A series of baflle plates 11 are established intermediate the said sections 1 for directing hot gases from the burner in a circuitous path to insure a maximum efficiency in the boiler.

As best shown in Fi 5, the sections 1 of the boiler are widest at their edges and are preferably so formed with grooves at one side and tongues 13' at the other that they fit points into a number of I ertical tubes or branchesfand provide means togetheror interlock at their sideedges to 1 form a substantially gas-tight joint. 'In this manner, the spaces between the sections constitute dues for the hot 1 which conduct of the sections where, in the preferred form, is established a hood-like hollow cap casting 14 which forms at the top of the sectionsl a chamber 15 in which the hot accumulate, and from which they are permitted to pass through an opening 16 which communicates preferably with a flue pipe 17. A damper 18 may be installed in the pipe 17 to control the amount of hot gases passing from the chamber 15. In the'present instance, shoulders 19 are formed at thetop of the sections 1 for the reception. of the lower edges of the cap casting 14, the arrangement being such that a substantially gas-tight joint is formed between the casting and the sections,

Preferably there is provided a water jacket 20 partly surrounding the chamber 15, and as shown, this jacket is formed integrally with the casting 14. In order to facilitate the exchange of heat between the chamber and the jacket, the wall between them is offset to form interfitting recesses 15 and 20. The water in the circulating system of which the boiler is a part, passes into the boiler sections 1 through a pipe 21, which pipe communicates with one end of the water jacket 20 of the cap casting, and with the bottom opening 2 of one of the outer sections 1, the water in its return passage to the sections being introduced into the opposite end of the said water jacket 20 through a pipe 22. In this manner the water jacket 20 constitutes a part proper of the return duct of the system. A nipple 23 extends from the opening 2 of the opposite outer section 1, and is provided with a cap 24, which is detachable to permit the cleaning out of the interior of the boiler sections. A pipe 25 connected with the water main joins the pipe 21 where it enters the boiler and provides means for renewing the water in the system when occasion arises.

It will be noted that by means of the passing of the water on its return to the boiler through the water jacket 20, this water is preheated before its entry into the sections 1, the gases which accumulate in the chamber 15 after passing over the surface of the sections 1 being utilized for this preheating purpose, which thereby affords a substantial economy. The chamber 15 may further b utilized for the purpose of heating water for household or other uses by means of a coil of pipes 26 established within the chamber, WlllCll coil may be connected to a hot water storage tank, not shown.

As best shown in Fig. 4, the duct formed by the connected openings 3 at the top of the sections 1 is connected by means of a nipple 28 to a pipe 29 through which the steam or hot water generated in the sections 1 may pass to the radiator or other units of the heating system. An asbestos or other shield 27 is provided at the top of the sections 1 to insulate the outgoing steam or water from the cooling effect of the return water line or the water coil 26 which lies adjacent the top of the sections.

In Figs. 6, 7 and 8, I have illustrated a modification of the construction, in which the boiler sections themselves are so formed as to include portions at the top adapted in the assembled structure to form the chamber 15, the sections which correspond in all other respects to the sections 1 in the previously described preferred embodiment and which in the present case are designated in the drawings lay the same reference numeral, being extende upwardly to form the said chamber when the sections are assembled.

Instead of providing a water jacket for the chamber 15, I extend one or more pipes 34 therethrough, these pipes being connected between the pipes 22 and 21. In this modification, I have illustrated the applicat on to the boiler of a steam regulator 30, which is shown connected to a qu ck opening valve 31 controlling the flow of gas to the burner. The supply of gas to the burner in this manner is regulated by the pressure of the steam in the boiler. A further regulation may be provided by means of a thermostatic motor 32 also operatively connected with the valve 31 after well known manner. For the purposes of this automatic control and further to facilitate the lighting of the burner, a pilot light 33 is provide n In Figs. 9, 10 and 11, I have illustrated a still further modification of the invention in which the boiler sections 1 are surrounded by a casing 36 preferably of asbestos or the like, which casing is extended above the top of the sections to constitute the chamber 15 in which the heated gases from the burner accumulate and from which they pass off through the flue pipe 17. In thls instance, the pipe 22 extends into the chamber 15 through an opening in the side of the casing to form a manifold for a battery of smaller pipes 34 which entend longitudinally across the chamber directly over the top of the boiler sections 1, the opposite ends of the pipes 34 communicating with a manifold 35 from which the pipe 21 extends to the bottom of the boiler where it communicates in the usual manner with the sections 1 through the opening 2 of one of the end sections 1. In this instance also the top coil 26 may be installed in the chamber 15 for the purposes of heating water for house or other uses, and the asbestos shield 27 is also preferably employed to protect the steam or hot water passing out of the sections through the pipe 29 from being chilled by contiguity with the water pipes 34 and 26. In this modificatlon, it is also preferable to surround the asbestos casing 36 with an outer casing 37 of asbestos or the like, which outer casing is separated from the inner casing 36 by a dead air space which is preferably air-tight.

One of the principal advantages of the construction hereinbefore described lies in the use of the escaping gases for preheating the water returning to the boiler. A material economy is realized in this manner. A further considerable advantage lies in the fact that the water after giving off its heat and assing through the preheater in the cham er 15 is introduced into the sections -1 at a point below that at which the heat is a plled by the burner 7. This has the double effect of maintaining a uniform and normal circulation of water in the boiler sections and of obtaining a uniform distrifact that there is no direct application of heat to the duct formed by the communicating openings 2 at the base of the sections whereby the incoming water is caused to pass completely across the sections, from theouter section which enters to the op osite outer section, without coming into irect contact with any highly heated part. further advantage is found in the arrangement of the openin s 9 and 10 which, as previously descri function to prevent the priming of the steam formed in the boiler when the water-level falls below the top of the upper openings. With this arrangement dry steam is assured. Advantage is also found in the cast iron baflle plates which are a part of the boiler sections and which form a tortuous passa for the hot gases over the sides of the said sections,

I claim -1. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of a series of similar parallel thin hollow heating units adapted to contain water, the said units being slightly separated at their central portions and at their tops and bottoms'to provide vertically extending flues for hot gases and the said units being provided with transverse openings in register with each other to form 'a chamber extending from end to end of the series and surrounded on all sides by the water spaces of thesaid units, means for closing the chamber at the ends, means for connecting the interiors of the heating units at the tops and bottoms, and a heatin device located in the chamber, the said eating device receiving preheated air through the spaces between the bottoms of the umts and delivering hot gases to the flues 'between the upper parts of the units.

2. In an apparatus of the class described, the combinations of a series of similar parallel thin hollow heating units adapted to contain vwater, the said units being slightly separated at their central portions and at their tops and bottoms to provide vertically extending flues for hot gases, means at the sides of the units for separately closing the sides of the said flues while leaving the tops thereof open,- means for connecting the in teriors ofthe heating units at the tops and bottoms, a heating device located to deliver hot gases into the said flues between thesaid units, a chamber enclosing the tops of all of the heatin units, a water heating means adjacent t c said chamber and receiving heat from the gases passing therethrough, anda heat insulating shield covering the tops of the heating units within the said chamber.

3. In an apparatus of the class described, the combinations ofa series .of similar arallel thin hollow heating units adapte to contain water, the said units being slightly separated at their central portions and at their tops and bottoms to provide vertically extending flues for hot gases, means at the sides of the units for separately closing the sides of the said flues while leaving the tops thereof 0 n, means for connecting the interiors of t e heating units at the tops and bottoms, a heatingl vice located. to deliver hot gases into t c said flues between the said units, a chamber enclosing the tops of all of the heating units, and a waterheating jacket partly surrounding the said chamber. 4. In an apparatus of the class described,

the combinations of a series of similar parallel thin hollow heating, units adapted 'to contain water, the said units being slightly separated at their central portions and at their tops and bottoms to provide vertically extending flues for hot gases, means at the sides of the units for separately closing the sides of the said' flues while leaving the tops thereof 0 11, means for connecting the interiors of t e heating units at the tops 5. In an apparatus of theclass described, a

recesses for facilitating the the combinations of a series of similar par-, allel thin hollow heating units adapted to contain water, the said units being slightly separated at their central portions and at their tops and bottoms to provide verticall. extending flues for hot gases, means at t e sides of the units for separately clos ing the sides of the said flues while leaving the tops thereof open, means for connecting the interiors of the heating units at the tops and bottoms, a heating device located to deliver hot gases into the said flues between the said units a chamber enclosing the tops of all of the eating units, a water heating jacket partly surrounding the said chamber, and a discharge flue connected with the to of the said chamber andextending througii the said jacket. 6. In an apparatus of. the class described, the combinatlons of o a series of similar parallel thin hollow heating units ada ted to contain water,-the said units being s ightly separated at their central portions and at their tops and bottoms to provide vertically extendi flues for hot gases, means at the sides of t e units for separately closing the hot gases into the said flues between the said units, a chamber enclosing the tops of all of the heating units, a water heating jacket partly surrounding the said chamber, a pipe for delivering feed water to the said jacket, and a pipe for conducting water from the said jacket to the said series of heating units.

In an apparatus of the class described, the combinations of a series of similar parallel thin hollow heating units adapted to contain water, the said units being slightly separated at their central portions and at their tops and bottoms to provide vertically extending flues for hot gases, means at the sides of the units for separately closing the sides of the said flues while leaving the tops thereof open, means for connecting the interiors of the heating units at the tops and bottoms, a heating device located to deliver hot gases into the said flues between the said units, a chamber enclosing the tops of all of the heating units, and two separate water heating means adjacent the said chamber and receiving heat therefrom.

8. In an apparatus of the class described, the combinations of a series of similar parallel thin hollow heating units ada ted to contain water, the said units being slig tly separated at their central portions and at their tops and bottoms to provide vertically extending flues for hot gases, means at the sides of the units for separately closing the sides of the said flues while leaving the tops thereof open, means for connecting the interiors of the heating units at the tops and bottoms, a heating device located to deliver hot gases into the said flues between the said units, a chamber enclosin the tops of all of the heating units, water heating pipes extending through the said chamber, and a water heating jacket partly surrounding the said chamber.

9. In an apparatus of the class described, the combinations of a series of similar parallel thin hollow heating units ada ted to contain water, the said units being slig tly separated at their central portions and at their tops and bottoms to provide vertically extending flues for hot gases, means at the sides of the units for separately closing the sides of the said flues while leaving the tops thereof open, means for connecting the interiors of the heating units at the tops and bottoms, a heating device located to deliver hot gases into the said flues between the said units, a chamber enclosing the tops of all of the heating units, water heating pipes extending through the said chamber, a water heating jacket partly surrounding the said chamber, a pipe for delivering feed water to the said jacket, and a ipe for conducting water from the said jac et to the said series of heating units.

ALEXANDER A. MARKS. 

